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The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 (gcide)

Galactose \Ga*lac"tose\, n. (Chem.)
A white, crystalline sugar, {C6H12O6}, isomeric with
dextrose, obtained by the decomposition of milk sugar, and
also from certain gums. When oxidized it forms mucic acid.
Called also {lactose} (though it is not lactose proper).
[1913 Webster]


lactose \lac"tose`\ (l[a^]k"t[=o]s`), n.
1. (Physiol. Chem.) The main sugar present in milk, called
also {sugar of milk} or {milk sugar}. When isolated pure
it is obtained crystalline; it is separable from the whey
by evaporation and crystallization. It is a disaccharide
with the formula {C12H22O11}, being chemically
4-([beta]-D-galactosido)-D-glucose. It has a slightly
sweet taste, is dextrorotary, and is much less soluble in
water than either cane sugar or glucose. Formerly called
{lactin}. When hydrolyzed it yields glucose and galactose.
In cells it may be hydrolyzed by the enzyme
[beta]-galactosidase.
[1913 Webster PJC]

2. (Chem.) See {Galactose}.
[1913 Webster]

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