vermont 音标拼音: [vɚm'ɑnt]
n . 佛蒙特州
佛蒙特州
Vermont n 1 :
a state in New England [
synonym : {
Vermont }, {
Green Mountain State }, {
VT }]
VERMONT .
The name of one of the new states of the United States of America .
lt was admitted by virtue of "
An act for the admission of the state of Vermont into this Union ,"
approved February ,
18 ,
1791 ,
1 Story '
s L .
U .
S .
169 ,
by which it is enacted ,
that the state of Vermont having petitioned the congress to be admitted a member of the United States ,
Be it enacted , &
c .,
That on the fourth day of March ,
one thousand seven hundred and ninety -
one ,
the said state ,
by the name and style of "
the state of Vermont ,"
shall be received and admitted into this Union ,
as a new and entire member of the United States of America .
2 .
The constitution of this state was adopted by a convention holden at Windsor on the ninth day of July ,
one thousand seven hundred and ninety -
three .
The powers of the government are divided into three distinct branches ;
namely ,
the legislative ,
the executive ,
and the judicial .
3 .-
1 .
The supreme legislative power is vested in a house of representatives of the freemen of the commonwealth or state of Vermont ,
ch .
2 ,
Sec .
2 .
The house of representatives of the freemen of this state shall consist of persons most noted for wisdom and virtue ,
to be chosen by ballot ,
by the freemen of every town in this state respectively ,
on the first Tuesday in September ,
annually forever .
Ch .
2 ,
Sec .
8 .
The representatives so chosen ,
a majority of whom shall constitute a quorum for transacting any other business than raising a state tax ,
for which two -
thirds of the members elected shall be present ,
shall meet on the second Thursday of the succeeding October ,
and shall be styled The General Assembly of the State of Vermont :
they shall have power to choose their speaker ,
secretary of state ,
their clerk ,
and other necessary officers of the house --
sit on their own adjournments prepare bills ,
and enact them into laws --
judge of the elections and qualifications of their own members ;
they may expel members ,
but not for causes known to their own constituents antecedent to their elections ;
they may administer oaths and affirmations in matters depending before them ,
redress grievances ,
impeach state criminals ,
grant charters of incorporation ,
constitute towns ,
boroughs ,
cities ,
and counties :
they may annually ,
on their first session after their election ,
in conjunction with the council ,
or oftener if need be ,
elect judges of the supreme and several county and probate courts ,
sheriffs ,
and justices of the peace ;
and also ,
with the council may elect major generals and brigadier generals ,
from time to time ,
as often as there shall be occasion ;
and they shall have all other powers necessary for the legislature of a free and sovereign state :
but they shall have no power to add to ,
alter ,
abolish ,
or infringe any part of this constitution .
Ch .
2 Sec .
9 .
4 .-
2 .
The supreme executive power is vested in a governor ,
or in his absence a lieutenant -
governor ,
and council .
Ch .
2 ,
Sec .
3 .
The duties of the executive are pointed out by the second chapter of the constitution as follows :
5 .-
Sec .
10 .
The supreme executive council of this state shall consist of a governor ,
lieutenant -
governor ,
and twelve persons ,
chosen in the following manner ,
viz .
The freemen of each town shall ,
on the day of the election ,
for choosing representatives to attend the general assembly ,
bring in their votes for governor ,
with his name fairly written ,
to the constable ,
who shall seal them up ,
and write on them ,
votes for the governor ,
and deliver them to the representatives chosen to attend the general assembly ;
and at the opening of the general assembly there shall be a committee appointed out of the council and assembly ,
who ,
after being duly sworn to the faithful discharge of their trust ,
shall proceed to receive ,
sort ,
and count the votes for the governor ,
and declare the person who has the major part of the votes to be governor for the year ensuing .
And if there be no choice made ,
then the council and general assembly ,
by their joint ballot ,
shall make choice of a governor .
The lieutenant -
governor and treasurer shall be chosen in the manner above directed .
And each freeman shall give in twelve votes ,
for twelve counsellors ,
in the same manner ,
and the twelve highest in nomination shall serve for the ensuing year as counsellors .
6 .-
Sec .
11 .
The governor ,
and ,
in his absence ,
the lieutenant -
governor ,
with the council ,
a major part of whom ,
including the governor ,
or lieutenant -
governor ,
shall be a quorum to transact business ,
shall have power to commission all officers ,
and also to appoint officers ,
except where provision is ,
or shall be otherwise made by law ,
or this frame of government ;
and shall supply every vacancy in .
any office ,
occasioned by ,
death ,
or otherwise ,
until the office can be filled in the manner directed by law or this constitution .
7 .
They are to correspond with other states ,
transact business with officers of government ,
civil and military ,
and to prepare such business as may appear to them necessary to lay before the general assembly .
They shall sit as judges to hear and determine on impeachments ,
taking to their assistance ,
for advice only ,
the judges of the supreme court .
And shall have power to grant pardons ,
and remit fines ,
in all cases whatsoever ,
except in treason and murder ;
in which they shall have power to grant reprieves ,
but not to pardon ,
until after the end of the next session of the assembly ;
and except in cases of impeachment ,
in which there shall be no remission or mitigation of punishment ,
but by act of the legislature .
8 .
They are also to take care that the laws be faithfully executed .
They are to expedite the execution of such measures as may be resolved upon by the general assembly .
And they may draw upon the treasury for such sums as may be appropriated by the house of representatives .
They may also lay embargoes ,
or prohibit the exportation of any commodity ,
for any time not exceeding thirty days ,
in the recess of the house only .
They may grant such licenses as shall be directed by law ;
and shall have power to call together the general assembly ,
when necessary ,
before the day to which they shall stand .
adjourned .
The governor shall be captain general and commander -
in -
chief of the forces of the state ,
but shall not command in person ,
except advised thereto by the council ,
and then only so long as they shall approve thereof .
And the lieutenant -
governor shall ,
by virtue of his office ,
be lieutenant -
general of all the forces of the state .
The governor or lieutenant -
governor ,
and council shall meet at the time and place with the general assembly ;
the lieutenant -
governor shall ,
during the presence of the commander -
in -
chief ,
vote and act as one of the council :
and the governor and ,
in his absence ,
the lieutenant -
governor ,
shall ,
by virtue of their offices ,
preside in council ,
and have a casting ,
but no other vote .
Every member of the council shall be a justice of the peace ,
for the whole state ,
by virtue of his office .
The governor and council shall have a secretary ,
and keep fair books of their proceedings ,
wherein any councillor may enter his dissent ,
with his reasons to support it ;
and the governor may appoint a secretary for himself and his council .
9 .-
Sec .
16 .
To the end that laws ,
before they are enacted ,
may be more maturely considered ,
and the inconvenience of hasty determinations ,
as much as possible ,
prevented ,
all bills which originate in the assembly shall be laid before the governor and council for their revision and concurrence ,
or proposals of amendment ;
who shall return the same to the general assembly ,
with their proposals of amendment ,
if any ,
in writing ;
and if the same are not agreed to by the assembly ,
it shall be in the power of the governor and council to suspend the passing of such bill until the next session of the legislature :
Provided ,
that if the governor and council shall neglect or refuse to return any such bill to the assembly with written proposals of amendment ,
within five days ,
or before the rising of the legislature ,
the same shall become a law .
10 .-
Sec .
24 .
Every officer of state ,
whether judicial or executive ,
shall be liable to be impeached by the general assembly ,
either when in office or after his resignation or removal ,
for maladministration .
All impeachments shall be before the governor ,
or lieutenant governor and council ,
who shall hear and determine the same ,
and may award costs ;
and no trial or impeachment shall be a bar to a prosecution at law .
11 .-
3 .
The judicial power is regulated by the second chapter of the constitution ,
as follows 12 .-
Sec .
4 .
Courts of justice shall be maintained in every county in this state ,
and also in new counties ,
when formed :
which courts shall be open for the trial of all causes proper for their cognizance ;
and justice shall be therein impartially administered ,
without corruption or unnecessary delay .
The judges of the supreme court shall be justices of the peace throughout the state ;
and the several judges of the county courts ,
in their respective counties ,
by virtue of their office ,
except in the trial of such causes as may be appealed to the county court .
13 .-
Sec .
5 .
A future legislature may ,
when they shall conceive the same to be expedient and necessary ,
erect a court of chancery ,
with such powers as are usually exercised by that court or as shall appear for the interest of the commonwealth :
Provided ,
they do not constitute themselves the judges of the said court .
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