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starling 音标拼音: [st'ɑrlɪŋ] n. 白头翁;[桥墩的] 挡水木桩 白头翁;[桥墩的] 挡水木桩 starling n 1: gregarious birds native to the Old WorldRock \ Rock\, n. [ OF. roke, F. roche; cf. Armor. roc' h, and AS. rocc.] 1. A large concreted mass of stony material; a large fixed stone or crag. See { Stone}. [ 1913 Webster] Come one, come all! this rock shall fly From its firm base as soon as I. -- Sir W. Scott. [ 1913 Webster] 2. ( Geol.) Any natural deposit forming a part of the earth' s crust, whether consolidated or not, including sand, earth, clay, etc., when in natural beds. [ 1913 Webster] 3. That which resembles a rock in firmness; a defense; a support; a refuge. [ 1913 Webster] The Lord is my rock, and my fortress. -- 2 Sam. xxii. 2. [ 1913 Webster] 4. Fig.: Anything which causes a disaster or wreck resembling the wreck of a vessel upon a rock. [ 1913 Webster] 5. ( Zool.) The striped bass. See under { Bass}. [ 1913 Webster] Note: This word is frequently used in the formation of self- explaining compounds; as, rock- bound, rock- built, rock- ribbed, rock- roofed, and the like. [ 1913 Webster] { Rock alum}. [ Probably so called by confusion with F. roche a rock.] Same as { Roche alum}. { Rock barnacle} ( Zool.), a barnacle ({ Balanus balanoides}) very abundant on rocks washed by tides. { Rock bass}. ( Zool.) ( a) The stripped bass. See under { Bass}. ( b) The goggle- eye. ( c) The cabrilla. Other species are also locally called rock bass. { Rock builder} ( Zool.), any species of animal whose remains contribute to the formation of rocks, especially the corals and Foraminifera. { Rock butter} ( Min.), native alum mixed with clay and oxide of iron, usually in soft masses of a yellowish white color, occuring in cavities and fissures in argillaceous slate. { Rock candy}, a form of candy consisting of crystals of pure sugar which are very hard, whence the name. { Rock cavy}. ( Zool.) See { Moco}. { Rock cod} ( Zool.) ( a) A small, often reddish or brown, variety of the cod found about rocks andledges. ( b) A California rockfish. { Rock cook}. ( Zool.) ( a) A European wrasse ({ Centrolabrus exoletus}). ( b) A rockling. { Rock cork} ( Min.), a variety of asbestus the fibers of which are loosely interlaced. It resembles cork in its texture. { Rock crab} ( Zool.), any one of several species of large crabs of the genus { C}, as the two species of the New England coast ({ Cancer irroratus} and { Cancer borealis}). See Illust. under { Cancer}. { Rock cress} ( Bot.), a name of several plants of the cress kind found on rocks, as { Arabis petraea}, { Arabis lyrata}, etc. { Rock crystal} ( Min.), limpid quartz. See { Quartz}, and under { Crystal}. { Rock dove} ( Zool.), the rock pigeon; -- called also { rock doo}. { Rock drill}, an implement for drilling holes in rock; esp., a machine impelled by steam or compressed air, for drilling holes for blasting, etc. { Rock duck} ( Zool.), the harlequin duck. { Rock eel}. ( Zool.) See { Gunnel}. { Rock goat} ( Zool.), a wild goat, or ibex. { Rock hopper} ( Zool.), a penguin of the genus { Catarractes}. See under { Penguin}. { Rock kangaroo}. ( Zool.) See { Kangaroo}, and { Petrogale}. { Rock lobster} ( Zool.), any one of several species of large spinose lobsters of the genera { Panulirus} and { Palinurus}. They have no large claws. Called also { spiny lobster}, and { sea crayfish}. { Rock meal} ( Min.), a light powdery variety of calcite occuring as an efflorescence. { Rock milk}. ( Min.) See { Agaric mineral}, under { Agaric}. { Rock moss}, a kind of lichen; the cudbear. See { Cudbear}. { Rock oil}. See { Petroleum}. { Rock parrakeet} ( Zool.), a small Australian parrakeet ({ Euphema petrophila}), which nests in holes among the rocks of high cliffs. Its general color is yellowish olive green; a frontal band and the outer edge of the wing quills are deep blue, and the central tail feathers bluish green. { Rock pigeon} ( Zool.), the wild pigeon ({ Columba livia}) Of Europe and Asia, from which the domestic pigeon was derived. See Illust. under { Pigeon}. { Rock pipit}. ( Zool.) See the Note under { Pipit}. { Rock plover}. ( Zool.) ( a) The black- bellied, or whistling, plover. ( b) The rock snipe. { Rock ptarmigan} ( Zool.), an arctic American ptarmigan ({ Lagopus rupestris}), which in winter is white, with the tail and lores black. In summer the males are grayish brown, coarsely vermiculated with black, and have black patches on the back. { Rock rabbit} ( Zool.), the hyrax. See { Cony}, and { Daman}. { Rock ruby} ( Min.), a fine reddish variety of garnet. { Rock salt} ( Min.), cloride of sodium ( common salt) occuring in rocklike masses in mines; mineral salt; salt dug from the earth. In the United States this name is sometimes given to salt in large crystals, formed by evaporation from sea water in large basins or cavities. { Rock seal} ( Zool.), the harbor seal. See { Seal}. { Rock shell} ( Zool.), any species of Murex, Purpura, and allied genera. { Rock snake} ( Zool.), any one of several large pythons; as, the royal { rock snake} ({ Python regia}) of Africa, and the { rock snake} of India ({ Python molurus}). The Australian rock snakes mostly belong to the allied genus { Morelia}. { Rock snipe} ( Zool.), the purple sandpiper ({ Tringa maritima}); -- called also { rock bird}, { rock plover}, { winter snipe}. { Rock soap} ( Min.), a kind of clay having a smooth, greasy feel, and adhering to the tongue. { Rock sparrow}. ( Zool.) ( a) Any one of several species of Old World sparrows of the genus { Petronia}, as { Petronia stulla}, of Europe. ( b) A North American sparrow ({ Pucaea ruficeps}). { Rock tar}, petroleum. { Rock thrush} ( Zool.), any Old World thrush of the genus { Monticola}, or { Petrocossyphus}; as, the European rock thrush ({ Monticola saxatilis}), and the blue rock thrush of India ({ Monticola cyaneus}), in which the male is blue throughout. { Rock tripe} ( Bot.), a kind of lichen ({ Umbilicaria Dillenii}) growing on rocks in the northen parts of America, and forming broad, flat, coriaceous, dark fuscous or blackish expansions. It has been used as food in cases of extremity. { Rock trout} ( Zool.), any one of several species of marine food fishes of the genus { Hexagrammus}, family { Chiradae}, native of the North Pacific coasts; -- called also { sea trout}, { boregat}, { bodieron}, and { starling}. { Rock warbler} ( Zool.), a small Australian singing bird ({ Origma rubricata}) which frequents rocky ravines and water courses; -- called also { cataract bird}. { Rock wren} ( Zool.), any one of several species of wrens of the genus { Salpinctes}, native of the arid plains of Lower California and Mexico. [ 1913 Webster]
Starling \ Star" ling\ (- l[ i^] ng), n. [ OE. sterlyng, a dim. of OE. stare, AS. staer; akin to AS. stearn, G. star, staar, OHG. stara, Icel. starri, stari, Sw. stare, Dan. staer, L. sturnus. Cf. { Stare} a starling.] 1. ( Zool.) Any passerine bird belonging to { Sturnus} and allied genera. The European starling ({ Sturnus vulgaris}) is dark brown or greenish black, with a metallic gloss, and spotted with yellowish white. It is a sociable bird, and builds about houses, old towers, etc. Called also { stare}, and { starred}. The pied starling of India is { Sternopastor contra}. [ 1913 Webster] 2. ( Zool.) A California fish; the rock trout. [ 1913 Webster] 3. A structure of piles driven round the piers of a bridge for protection and support; -- called also { sterling}. [ 1913 Webster] { Rose- colored starling}. ( Zool.) See { Pastor}. [ 1913 Webster]
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