plane 音标拼音: [pl'en]
n . 平面,飞机,水准
a . 平的,平面的,平坦的
vt . 将…刨平,刨平
vi . 翱翔
平面,飞机,水准平的,平面的,平坦的将…刨平,刨平?翔
plane 平面;刨削
plane 三重面
plane 平面
plane adj 1 :
having a surface without slope ,
tilt in which no part is higher or lower than another ; "
a flat desk "; "
acres of level farmland "; "
a plane surface "; "
skirts sewn with fine flat seams " [
synonym : {
flat }, {
level }, {
plane }]
n 1 :
an aircraft that has a fixed wing and is powered by propellers or jets ; "
the flight was delayed due to trouble with the airplane " [
synonym : {
airplane }, {
aeroplane }, {
plane }]
2 : (
mathematics )
an unbounded two -
dimensional shape ; "
we will refer to the plane of the graph as the X -
Y plane "; "
any line joining two points on a plane lies wholly on that plane "
[
synonym : {
plane }, {
sheet }]
3 :
a level of existence or development ; "
he lived on a worldly plane "
4 :
a power tool for smoothing or shaping wood [
synonym : {
plane },
{
planer }, {
planing machine }]
5 :
a carpenter '
s hand tool with an adjustable blade for smoothing or shaping wood ; "
the cabinetmaker used a plane for the finish work " [
synonym : {
plane }, {
carpenter '
s plane },
{
woodworking plane }]
v 1 :
cut or remove with or as if with a plane ; "
The machine shaved off fine layers from the piece of wood " [
synonym :
{
plane }, {
shave }]
2 :
travel on the surface of water [
synonym : {
plane }, {
skim }]
3 :
make even or smooth ,
with or as with a carpenter '
s plane ;
"
plane the top of the door "
Plane \
Plane \,
n . [
F .,
fr .
L .
platanus ,
Gr . ?,
fr . ?
broad ; --
so called on account of its broad leaves and spreading form .
See {
Place },
and cf . {
Platane }, {
Plantain }
the tree .] (
Bot .)
Any tree of the genus {
Platanus }.
[
1913 Webster ]
Note :
The Oriental plane ({
Platanus orientalis })
is a native of Asia .
It rises with a straight ,
smooth ,
branching stem to a great height ,
with palmated leaves ,
and long pendulous peduncles ,
sustaining several heads of small close -
sitting flowers .
The seeds are downy ,
and collected into round ,
rough ,
hard balls .
The Occidental plane ({
Platanus occidentalis }),
which grows to a great height ,
is a native of North America ,
where it is popularly called {
sycamore }, {
buttonwood },
and {
buttonball },
names also applied to the California species ({
Platanus racemosa }).
[
1913 Webster ]
Plane \
Plane \,
a . [
L .
planus :
cf .
F .
plan .
See {
Plan },
a .]
Without elevations or depressions ;
even ;
level ;
flat ;
lying in ,
or constituting ,
a plane ;
as ,
a plane surface .
[
1913 Webster ]
Note :
In science ,
this word (
instead of plain )
is almost exclusively used to designate a flat or level surface .
[
1913 Webster ]
{
Plane angle },
the angle included between two straight lines in a plane .
{
Plane chart }, {
Plane curve }.
See under {
Chart }
and {
Curve }.
{
Plane figure },
a figure all points of which lie in the same plane .
If bounded by straight lines it is a rectilinear plane figure ,
if by curved lines it is a curvilinear plane figure .
{
Plane geometry },
that part of geometry which treats of the relations and properties of plane figures .
{
Plane problem },
a problem which can be solved geometrically by the aid of the right line and circle only .
{
Plane sailing } (
Naut .),
the method of computing a ship '
s place and course on the supposition that the earth '
s surface is a plane .
{
Plane scale } (
Naut .),
a scale for the use of navigators ,
on which are graduated chords ,
sines ,
tangents ,
secants ,
rhumbs ,
geographical miles ,
etc .
{
Plane surveying },
surveying in which the curvature of the earth is disregarded ;
ordinary field and topographical surveying of tracts of moderate extent .
{
Plane table },
an instrument used for plotting the lines of a survey on paper in the field .
{
Plane trigonometry },
the branch of trigonometry in which its principles are applied to plane triangles .
[
1913 Webster ]
Plane \
Plane \,
v .
i .
Of a boat ,
to lift more or less out of the water while in motion ,
after the manner of a hydroplane ;
to hydroplane .
[
Webster 1913 Suppl .]
Plane \
Plane \,
n . [
F .
plane ,
L .
plana .
See {
Plane },
v . &
a .]
1 . (
Geom .)
A surface ,
real or imaginary ,
in which ,
if any two points are taken ,
the straight line which joins them lies wholly in that surface ;
or a surface ,
any section of which by a like surface is a straight line ;
a surface without curvature .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 . (
Astron .)
An ideal surface ,
conceived as coinciding with ,
or containing ,
some designated astronomical line ,
circle ,
or other curve ;
as ,
the plane of an orbit ;
the plane of the ecliptic ,
or of the equator .
[
1913 Webster ]
3 . (
Mech .)
A block or plate having a perfectly flat surface ,
used as a standard of flatness ;
a surface plate .
[
1913 Webster ]
4 . (
Joinery )
A tool for smoothing boards or other surfaces of wood ,
for forming moldings ,
etc .
It consists of a smooth -
soled stock ,
usually of wood ,
from the under side or face of which projects slightly the steel cutting edge of a chisel ,
called the iron ,
which inclines backward ,
with an apperture in front for the escape of shavings ;
as ,
the jack plane ;
the smoothing plane ;
the molding plane ,
etc .
[
1913 Webster ]
{
Objective plane } (
Surv .),
the horizontal plane upon which the object which is to be delineated ,
or whose place is to be determined ,
is supposed to stand .
{
Perspective plane }.
See {
Perspective }.
{
Plane at infinity } (
Geom .),
a plane in which points infinitely distant are conceived as situated .
{
Plane iron },
the cutting chisel of a joiner '
s plane .
{
Plane of polarization }. (
Opt .)
See {
Polarization }.
{
Plane of projection }.
(
a )
The plane on which the projection is made ,
corresponding to the perspective plane in perspective ;
--
called also principal plane .
(
b ) (
Descriptive Geom .)
One of the planes to which points are referred for the purpose of determining their relative position in space .
{
Plane of refraction }
or {
Plane of reflection } (
Opt .),
the plane in which lie both the incident ray and the refracted or reflected ray .
[
1913 Webster ]
Plane \
Plane \,
v .
t . [
imp . &
p .
p . {
Planed };
p .
pr . &
vb .
n .
{
Planing }.] [
Cf .
F .
planer ,
L .
planare ,
fr .
planus .
See {
Plane },
a ., {
Plain },
a .,
and cf . {
Planish }.]
1 .
To make smooth ;
to level ;
to pare off the inequalities of the surface of ,
as of a board or other piece of wood ,
by the use of a plane ;
as ,
to plane a plank .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 .
To efface or remove .
[
1913 Webster ]
He planed away the names . . .
written on his tables . --
Chaucer .
[
1913 Webster ]
3 .
Figuratively ,
to make plain or smooth . [
R .]
[
1913 Webster ]
What student came but that you planed her path .
--
Tennyson .
[
1913 Webster ]
aeroplane \
aer "*
o *
plane `\
aeroplane \
a "["
e ]
r *
o *
plane `\,
n .
[
a ["
e ]
ro -
plane .] (
A ["
e ]
ronautics )
1 .
A light rigid plane used in a ["
e ]
rial navigation to oppose sudden upward or downward movement in the air ,
as in gliding machines ;
specif .,
such a plane slightly inclined and driven forward as a lifting device in some flying machines .
Also called {
airfoil }.
[
Webster 1913 Suppl .]
2 .
Hence :
A heavier -
than -
air flying machine using such a device to provide lift ;
an airplane .
In a modern aeroplane ,
the airfoils are called the {
wings },
and most of the lift is derived from these surfaces .
In contrast to helicopters ,
the wings are fixed to the passenger compartment (
airframe )
and do not move relative to the frame ;
thus such a machine is called a {
fixed -
wing aircraft }.
These machines are called monoplanes ,
biplanes ,
triplanes ,
or quadruplanes ,
according to the number of main supporting planes (
wings )
used in their construction .
After 1940 few planes with more than one airfoil were constructed ,
and these are used by hobbyists or for special purposes .
Being heavier than air they depend for their levitation on motion imparted by the thrust from either propellers driven by an engine ,
or ,
in a jet plane ,
by the reaction from a high -
velocity stream of gases expelled rearward from a jet engine .
They start from the ground by a run on small wheels or runners ,
and are guided by a steering apparatus consisting of horizontal and vertical movable planes ,
which usually form part of the wings or tail .
There are many varieties of form and construction ,
which in some cases are known by the names of their inventors .
In U .
S .,
an aeroplane is usually called an {
airplane }
or {
plane }.
[
Webster 1913 Suppl .
PJC ]
182 Moby Thesaurus words for "
plane ":
aeroplane ,
aircraft ,
airliner ,
airplane ,
alabaster ,
amount ,
aspire ,
avion ,
beading plane ,
become airborne ,
bench plane ,
billiard table ,
block plane ,
bowling alley ,
bowling green ,
caliber ,
capping plane ,
claw skyward ,
compass ,
core -
box plane ,
cut ,
dab ,
dado plane ,
dead flat ,
dead level ,
degree ,
dovetail plane ,
downy ,
drag ,
dress ,
dub ,
earth ,
edge plane ,
equalize ,
esplanade ,
even ,
extent ,
flat ,
flatland ,
flatten ,
flattened ,
float ,
floor ,
flush ,
fly ,
fly aloft ,
flying machine ,
fore plane ,
gain altitude ,
glabrate ,
glabrescent ,
glabrous ,
glass ,
glide ,
grade ,
grease ,
grooving plane ,
ground ,
hang ,
harrow ,
heavier -
than -
air craft ,
height ,
homaloid ,
homaloidal ,
horizontal ,
horizontal axis ,
horizontal fault ,
horizontal line ,
horizontal parallax ,
horizontal plane ,
horizontal projection ,
hover ,
ice ,
interval ,
ivory ,
jack plane ,
jet plane ,
jointer ,
kite ,
lay ,
leap ,
leave the ground ,
ledge ,
leiotrichous ,
level ,
level line ,
level plane ,
lubricate ,
mahogany ,
marble ,
mark ,
mean sea level ,
measure ,
mow ,
notch ,
nuance ,
oil ,
parterre ,
pas ,
peg ,
period ,
pitch ,
plain ,
planer ,
planing machine ,
planish ,
plaster ,
plateau ,
platform ,
point ,
poise ,
prairie ,
proportion ,
rabbet plane ,
range ,
ratio ,
reach ,
reed plane ,
regular ,
remove ,
rolled ,
round ,
routing plane ,
rung ,
sash plane ,
satin ,
scale ,
scope ,
scraper plane ,
scrub plane ,
sea level ,
sea of grass ,
shade ,
shadow ,
shave ,
ship ,
silk ,
skate ,
skid ,
skim ,
slide ,
slip ,
smooth ,
smooth down ,
smooth out ,
smooth -
shaven ,
smooth -
textured ,
smoothed out ,
smoothen ,
smoothened ,
soar ,
space ,
spire ,
squashed ,
squashed flat ,
stair ,
standard ,
step ,
steppe ,
stint ,
suave ,
table ,
tabloid ,
tabular ,
take off ,
tennis court ,
terrace ,
thumb plane ,
tread ,
trenching plane ,
trodden ,
trodden flat ,
trying plane ,
unbroken ,
uniform ,
uninterrupted ,
unrough ,
unroughened ,
unruffled ,
velvet ,
water level ,
zoom
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